Ihe ọmụma
Vincamine, alkaloid a na-emekarị nke a chọtara na obere periwinkle osisi (Vinca small), enwetala nlebara anya dị ukwuu na mpaghara ahụike n'ihi omume ọgwụ dịgasị iche iche. Ngwakọta a, nke a maara nke ọma maka ikike ọgụgụ isi na-emewanyewanye na neuroprotective, abụwo isiokwu nke ọtụtụ ọmụmụ na-enyocha usoro ọrụ ya na ngwa ọgwụgwọ ya. N'ime nyocha a zuru oke, anyị ga-abanye n'ime profaịlụ ọgwụ dị mgbagwoju anya nke vincamine, na-enyocha mmetụta ya na ọbara ụbụrụ ụbụrụ, sistemu neurotransmitter, na metabolism cellular.
Kedu uru bara uru nke mbadamba vincamine maka ọrụ ọgụgụ isi?
mbadamba Vincamine enwetala mmasị maka ikike ha nwere ịkwalite ọrụ ọgụgụ isi, ọkachasị n'ime ndị mmadụ na-enwe nkụda mmụọ metụtara afọ ma ọ bụ enweghị mmetụta dị nro. Usoro bụ isi nke vincamine na-egosipụta mmetụta ya na-eme ka uche ya dịkwuo mma bụ site na imeziwanye usoro ọbara ụbụrụ na iji oxygen na ụbụrụ.
Otu n'ime ihe ndị bụ isi nke vincamine bụ ikike ya ịgbasa arịa ọbara ụbụrụ, na-eduga n'ịbawanye ọbara na mpaghara ụbụrụ dị iche iche. A na-ekwenye na mmetụta vasodilatory a ga-emezigharị site na mgbochi nke phosphodiesterase enzymes, karịsịa PDE1, nke na-eme ka ahụ dị nro dị nro na akwara ụbụrụ. N'ihi ya, mmụba ọbara na-abawanye na-eme ka nnyefe oxygen na ihe ndị dị mkpa na-edozi ahụ na anụ ahụ ụbụrụ, nwere ike ịkwado ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma.
Ọzọkwa, egosila na vincamine na-akwalite metabolism nke glucose na ụbụrụ. Site n'ịkwalite nnabata na ojiji nke glucose site na neurons, vincamine nwere ike inye aka kwalite mmepụta ume na mkpụrụ ndụ ụbụrụ, nke dị oke mkpa maka ịnọgide na-arụ ọrụ ọgụgụ isi dị ka ebe nchekwa, nlebara anya na nhazi ozi.
Ọtụtụ ọmụmụ enyochala mmetụta nke vincamine na arụmọrụ ọgụgụ isi na ma ndị nwere ahụike na ndị nwere nsogbu uche. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, nyocha nke Szatmari na Whitehouse (2003) na-achịkwa nke a na-achịkwaghị achịkwa, nke kpuru ìsì abụọ, chọpụtara na mgbakwunye vincamine mere ka ọganihu dị ịrịba ama na ncheta oge dị mkpirikpi na arụmọrụ psychomotor na ndị agadi na-arịa ọrịa ụbụrụ na-adịghị ala ala.
Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, vincamine egosipụtawo ihe ndị nwere ike ime ihe na-adịghị mma, nke nwere ike inye aka na mmetụta ya na-eme ka ọgụgụ isi pụta. Nnyocha na-egosi na vincamine nwere ike ibelata nrụgide oxidative na mbufụt na ụbụrụ, ihe abụọ na-ejikọta ya na mbelata ọgụgụ isi na ọrịa neurodegenerative. Site n'ibelata usoro ndị a na-emerụ ahụ, vincamine nwere ike inye aka chekwaa ọrụ ọgụgụ isi ma nwee ike belata nhụta ọgụgụ isi metụtara afọ.
Ọ dị mkpa iburu n'obi, Otú ọ dị, na ọ bụ ezie na uru bara uru nke vincamine na-ekwe nkwa, ọ dị mkpa ka a na-emewanye nyocha nke ụlọ ọgwụ ogologo oge iji kọwaa n'ụzọ zuru ezu ịdị irè ya na profaịlụ nchekwa na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị iche iche.
Kedu ka vincamine si emetụta eruba ọbara ụbụrụ na oxygenation?
Mmetụta nke vincamine na mgbaba ọbara ụbụrụ na oxygenation bụ otu n'ime usoro ọgwụ ndị edepụtara nke ọma. Dịka e kwuru na mbụ, vincamine na-arụ ọrụ dị ka vasodilator cerebral, nke bụ isi site na mgbochi ya nke phosphodiesterase enzymes. Usoro a na-eduga n'ịbawanye ọkwa cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) na sel anụ ahụ dị nro nke vaskụla, na-akwalite ntụrụndụ na mgbasa nke arịa ọbara ụbụrụ.
Mmetụta vasodilatory nke vincamine abụghị nanị na mpaghara ụbụrụ kpọmkwem kama ọ na-egosi na ọ bụ ebe niile, na-emetụta ma nnukwu na obere akwara ụbụrụ. A hụla mmụba a zuru ụwa ọnụ n'ọbara ụbụrụ site na iji usoro onyonyo dị iche iche, gụnyere otu foto emission computed tomography (SPECT) na transcranial Doppler ultrasonography.
Ọmụmụ nke Bönöczk et al. (2002) jiri ihe ngosi SPECT mee ihe iji nyochaa mmetụta nke vincamine na ọbara ụbụrụ ụbụrụ mpaghara na ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa cerebrovascular na-adịghị ala ala. Ndị nchọpụta chọpụtara na vincamine nchịkwa nchịkwa mere ka mmụba dị ukwuu na ọbara na-eruba n'ọtụtụ mpaghara ụbụrụ, gụnyere ihu ihu, oge, na lobes parietal. Mpaghara ndị a dị oke mkpa maka ọrụ ọgụgụ isi dị iche iche, gụnyere ọrụ isi, ebe nchekwa, na nhazi mmetụta.
Na mgbakwunye na ịkwalite mmụba ọbara, egosila vincamine iji meziwanye ojiji oxygen na anụ ahụ ụbụrụ. A kwenyere na a ga-eme ka mmetụta a site n'ọtụtụ usoro. Nke mbụ, mmụba ọbara n'onwe ya na-enye aka na nnyefe oxygen ka mma na neurons na sel glial. Nke abuo, vincamine na-egosi na ọ na-eme ka nrụpụta cellular respiration na mitochondria, ụlọ ọrụ ike nke mkpụrụ ndụ. Site n'ịkwalite ọrụ mitochondrial, vincamine nwere ike inyere neurons aka wepụ ma jiri oxygen rụọ ọrụ nke ọma, ọbụlagodi na ọnọdụ ikuku oxygen belatara.
Ọzọkwa, a chọpụtala na vincamine nwere akụrụngwa antioxidant, nke nwere ike ichebe mkpụrụ ndụ ụbụrụ site na mmebi oxidative nke radicals efu kpatara. Omume antioxidant a nwere ike itinye aka na mmụba n'ozuzu ya na ikuku oxygenation nke ụbụrụ site na ichekwa iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke membranes cellular na organelles na-etinye aka na iji oxygen.
Mmetụta dị iche iche nke mmụba ọbara na-emewanyewanye na iji oxygen na-eme ka vincamine bụrụ onye nwere ike ịba uru na ọgwụgwọ nke ọnọdụ ụbụrụ ụbụrụ hypoperfusion ma ọ bụ hypoxia, dị ka ọrịa strok, vascular dementia, na ọrịa ụbụrụ ụbụrụ ndị ọzọ. Otú ọ dị, ọ dị mkpa iburu n'obi na ọ bụ ezie na egosipụtara mmetụta ndị a na nyocha nke ọma na obere nyocha ụlọ ọgwụ, nnukwu ihe ọmụmụ ụlọ ọgwụ a haziri nke ọma dị mkpa iji gosi n'ụzọ zuru ezu irè na nchekwa nke vincamine na ọnọdụ ndị a.
Ọ bụrụ na ị nwekwara mmasị na ngwaahịa a ma chọọ ịmatakwu nkọwa ngwaahịa, ma ọ bụ chọọ ịmata maka ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ metụtara, biko nweere onwe gị ịkpọtụrụ. iceyqiang@aliyun.com.
References:
1. Szatmari, SZ, & Whitehouse, PJ (2003). Vinpocetine maka nkwarụ ọgụgụ isi na dementia. Ebe nchekwa data Cochrane nke nyocha usoro, (1).
2. Bönöczk, P., Panczel, G., & Nagy, Z. (2002). Vinpocetine na-abawanye mmụba ọbara ụbụrụ na oxygenation na ndị ọrịa ọrịa strok: nsonazụ infrared spectroscopy na transcranial Doppler ọmụmụ. Akwụkwọ akụkọ European nke Ultrasound, 15 (1-2), 85-91.
3. Patyar, S., Prakash, A., Modi, M., & Medhi, B. (2011). Ọrụ vinpocetine na ọrịa cerebrovascular. Akụkọ gbasara ọgwụ, 63 (3), 618-628.
4. Vas, A., & Gulyás, B. (2005). Eburnamine ewepụtara na ụbụrụ. Nyocha nyocha ọgwụ, 25 (6), 737-757.
5. Hindmarch, I., Fuchs, HH, & Erzigkeit, H. (1991). Ịdị irè na nnabata nke vinpocetine n'ime ndị ọrịa ambulant na-ata ahụhụ site na psychosyndromes dị nro ma na-agafeghị oke. International Clinical Psychopharmacology, 6(1), 31-43.
6. Szapáry, L., Horváth, B., Marton, Z., Alexy, T., Demeter, N., Szőts, M., ... & Tóth, K. (2003). Ọgba aghara hemorheological na ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa cerebrovascular na-adịghị ala ala. Ọgwụ gbasara ọbara ọgbụgba na Microcirculation, 29 (3, 4), 295-302.
7. Kemény, V., Molnár, S., Andrejkovics, M., Makai, A., & Csiba, L. (2005). Mmetụta dị egwu na nke na-adịghị ala ala nke vinpocetine na hemodynamics cerebral na arụmọrụ neuropsychological na ndị ọrịa multi-infarct. Akwụkwọ akụkọ nke Clinical Pharmacology, 45 (9), 1048-1054.
8. Tárnok, K., Kiss, E., Luiten, PG, Nyakas, C., Tihanyi, K., Schlett, K., & Eisel, UL (2008). Mmetụta nke Vinpocetine na ọrụ mitochondrial na neuroprotection na ụbụrụ cortical bụ isi. Neurochemistry International, 53 (6-8), 289-295.
9. Valikovics, A. (2007). Nnyocha nke mmetụta nke vinpocetine na ụbụrụ ụbụrụ ụbụrụ na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi. Ideggyogyaszati Szemle, 60 (7-8), 301-310.
10. Ribeiro, CA, & Grünwald, J. (2017). Vinpocetine: ọgwụ mara mma maka ụbụrụ metabolism na ụkọ cerebrovascular. Ọgwụ jikọtara ọnụ: Akwụkwọ akụkọ nke Clinician, 16 (4), 46-51.
